Debarkation ladder



2, 1945 N. G.A MARGOLIN ETAL 2,385,824

DEBARKATION LADDER 7 Filed June 9, 1945 JLU Ul' V BY' Patented Oct. 2, 1945 T l OFFICE DEBARKATION LADDER Nathan G..VMargolin and Edgar Anderson,

Brooklyn, N.

Y.,l assignors, by direct and mesne assignments, of one-halfto Noel L. .Dahlanden New Milford, Pa.,

and one-half to Robert J.`

Earl, New Canaan, Conn. p

Application June 9, 1943, Serial No. 490,168 4 Claims. (Cl. 228-405 This invention relates to ladders and more particularly to a debarkation ladder.

The principal object of this invention `is to provide a debarkation ladder for use on all types of ships to permit large numbers of soldiers, sailors or marines to debark at the same time from a ship, the debarkation ladder being formed of a plurality of parallel lengths of equally spaced chains, each pair of chains having ailxed thereto rungs; and spaced apart lengthwise of the ladder are booms the ends thereof extending laterally outwardly beyond the endmost chains, the booms being attached to said chains for abutting engagement with the sides of the ship and for maintaining the chains of the ladder spaced from the side of the ship so as to permit safe use oi the ladder and to facilitate quick descent thereon.

Another object of the invention is to provide the upper end of each of the chains with a ring for fastening the ladder to a, plurality of suitable hooks secured on the rail or deck of the ship; the lower ends of the chains being each secured to a pipe adapted to be submerged in the water and. serving, by its weight to hold the ladder taut.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention resides in the novel arrangement and combination of parts and in the details f construction hereinafter described and claimed,

it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosed may be made within the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of the inven- Ition.

`A practical embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, where- 1n'.-

Figure 1 shows a diagrammatic elevational view of the debarkation ladder. f

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on line Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a detail view one end of a boom.

Figure 4 is a sectional view on line 4 4, Figure 2, showing details of rung construction.

Figure 5 is a sectional View on line 55, Figure 4, showing details of rung construction.

Figure 6 is a detail View showing rung connections to chain of ladder.

Figure 7 is a detail View partly in section of one end of pipe weight at bottom of ladder.

Figure 8 is an exploded View in perspective of end of rung and associated ferrule.

Referring to the drawing in detail, I0 denotes partly in section of generally the debarkation ladder which comprises, in the form shown in Figure 1, six chain elements II, each of the ysame length and of La suitable size and strength. Itis to be understood that the number of chains vI I utilized is a matter of choice depending on the sizev of ldebarkation ladder desired. The six chain elements II are retained in laterally spaced apart parallel relation by rungs I2 and booms I3,-and thus dene 'ladder sections A, B, C, D and Preferably to` facilitate easel of manufacture and to reduce cost to a minimum the rungs I2 are made of the same size resulting in the ladder sections being of` equal width. As the rungs `I2 are yof the same size and as theconnections thereof to the chain elements are the same adetailed descriptionof one rung and its kconnections will suiiice. Y j

The rung I2 is preferably made of wood of a character suitable for the purpose intended and is shaped square incross-section. At each end the rung I2 is provided with an annular groove I5 which is adapted to receive in friction tight engagement, a ferrule I6, the outer edge of which is to lie flush with the end of the rung. Secured to the end portions of the rung are clips, such as the eye elements I'I lformed of strap iron,

'shaped to provide a loop such as the eye portion I8, shoulder portions I9 and arm portions 20 adapted to engage the sides 2| of the rung with the shoulder portions I9 in abutment with the end of the rung. Rivets 2| securely fasten the eye element I'I to the rung in the manner readily apparent. The eye portions I9 are of a size to receive therein a link 22 of the chain II, and a bolt 23 extends through the walls of the eye portion I9 and through thev loop formed by the link 22 for retaining each end of the rung I2 in fixed relation to an adjacent chain II. The .'ferrule I 6 serves as a `strengthening and wear member, preventing fracture of the end of the rung and wearthereof due to movement of the chain link 22 inthe eye portion I8.. As will be apparent from the above, the rungs I2 are joined to the chain elements I I by a connection of maximum strength and eiciency. The construction is such that in the event a rung is broken the same may be easily removed from the chain elements and replaced.

The rungs I2 are equally spaced lengthwise of the chain elements II in each ladder section, those in one ladder section being olset one link above or below those in an adjacent ladder section, as clearly shown in Figure 1.

The lowermost ends of the chain elements Il In order to hold thefdebarkation ladder inl rungbeing non-circular in cross-section, an eye element including an eye portion, yshoulder portions and opposed arm portions,v tted to the end of each rung with the terminal end of the rung spaced relation to the side 30 ofthe ship, therel is provided a plurality of boomsN I3 spaced apartv lengthwise of the ladder 'at suitable intervalsf abutting said shoulder portions, means fastening said arm portions to the sides of said rung, each eye portion encircling a link of a chain element, bolt means extending through each eye por-l tion and associated link for holding the saineV in assembled relation, said rung having an annular recessvformed in each terminal end thereof, and

a reinforcing and wear preventing ferrule seated v in each annular recess.

Each boom I3 is of a length slightly ,in excess of Y the width of the debarkation vladder and is pref;r

erably formed of Wood, and cylindrical in shape.Y

As the booms are each identical and are coni nected in the same manner to the chain elements II, a description of one and its connections will suffice.

Provided in the boom 'I3' are Yopenings35 spaced apart a distance'corresponding the spacj- Aing between the chain elements II,.and lying in thezsame plane. Positionedin each opening 35 is an eye-bolt '36 provided with a head flange 31 adjacent the eye 38. `A washer 39.and nut rl0 on the other end of the eye-bolt serves tosecuely attach the same to the boom, in the manner read- -ily apparent. Secured tothe .eye 38 of the .eye-

bolt V is one end of a closed 'link element,l of any desiredshape, the other end thereof being connected to a: link ofthe chain element II,

asclearly shown in `Figure 2. By this form' `of connection, the booms VI3 are suspended vfrom the chain elements I I and at the same time serve to space the same from the side of theship. The upper link of each chain element Il.. has affixed thereto a ring 45, which is Ydesigned for attachment to a suitablehook Yorstanchion 46 mounted on the-railing or deck ofthe ship to 1 thereby suspended the debarkation ladder therefrom,r see Figure 1. J Y- Y VFrom the above description. andshowing in the drawing it is believed thatV thelmanner of use-of Y the debarkation ladder embodyingY the featuresy l of this invention is readilyapparent. The debarkation ladder I is of exceptional strength,ris easily handled and stored, and is ready for. use by simply attaching the rings 45 to the hooks' andv dropping the ladder overboard. Preferably the length ofthe ladder is such that the lower end thereof kWillrbe submerged in the water, and as describedVV above, the pipe V by virtue ofits weight will hold the ladder taut. The live-ladder sections A to'E will permit men to descend the same ilve abreast thus providing for a quick and safe debarkation from' the ship. .a

Having thus described the invention, what-is claimedis: W Y

` Y V1. In a debarkation'ladder including atleast one ladder section comprisinga ypair ofl vchain elements, a-plurality of rungs connectin'gsaid chain elements VVand uniformly SpacedQeach said 2. Ina debarkation ladder including at least one ladder section comprising al pair of chain elements, a Yplurality of rungs connecting saidV lchain elements and uniformly spaced, an eye element including an eye portion, shoulder portions and opposed arm portions fitted to vthe end of each rung with the terminal end of the rung abutting said shoulder portions, means asteninglsaid arm portions to Vthesides of'said'rung, each eye portion encirclinga link Aof a'- chain element, and bolt means extending through each eye portion and associated link for holding the-samelin assembled relation@Y 3. In a multiple debarkation ladder of the class having a plurality oflongitudinally extending chain stiles and rungsghaving their ends connected to said stiles wherein the 'rungs of adjacent' rows are staggered relative to one another and connected to diierent links in any one chain -to enablefmovement between the different lnksvto be effected, a clip at each end'of each rung, cornprising an eye portion, shoulder portionsv and opposed arm portions fitted to the end of'each vrung abutting saidshoulder portions, means fastening said arm portions to' the sidesofY said rung, each, eye portion encircling a link Yof a chain element, and bolt means extending through each veye portion and associated link for holding the same in assembledrelation.v

Y, 4. In a multipler debarkation ladder'vof the Vclass having fa plurality ofY longitudinally extend'- ing chain stiles, each composed of looped-links, and rungs having their ends connected! to said stiles vwherein they rungs are movable relative to one another and to the Stiles and the rungs of adjacent rowsare ystaggered relative to one another v,and connected to different-linksin'any one chain to enable movementA between the dierent links to be effected, an eye element atV the end Yof each rung Vincluding-an eye portion, shoulder portions, and opposed 'arm portions fitted to the end of each rung, said end abuttingv said shoulder portions, means fastening saidv armportions to.` -the sides of said rung, each Yeye 'portion encircling a link of a chain element, and bolt means extending through each eye vportion andvassociate'd link for holding the same i-nasse'mbled relation.A g

NATHAN G. MARG'OLJN? EDGAR ANDERSON; 

